Advantage：
1.Wavelength 550nm for PD
2.Excellence performance for afterglow and brightness in low energy x ray
3.Low cost
4. Minimal pixel dimension available
5.Reduced optical crosstalk
6.Good uniformity between pixel to pixel/ Array to array
7.TiO2/BaSO4/ESR/E60
8.Pixel Gap: 0.08, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3mm
9.Performance testing available
Properties:
|
Density（g/cm3） |
4.51 |
|
Melting Point (K) |
894 |
|
Thermal Expansion Coefficient (K-1) |
54 x 10-6 |
|
Cleavage Plane |
None |
|
Hardness (Mho) |
2 |
|
Hygroscopic |
Slightly |
|
Wavelength of Emission Maximum (nm) |
550 |
|
Lower Wavelength Cutoff(nm) |
320 |
|
Refractive Index at Emission Maximum |
1.79 |
|
Primary Decay Time (ns) |
1000 |
|
Afterglow (after 30ms) [%] |
0.5 – 0.8 |
|
Light Yield (photons/keV) |
52- 56 |
|
Photoelectron Yield [% of NaI(Tl)] (for γ-rays) |
45 |
1. Type: liner array (1D) or 2D array
Our Advantage:
2. Kinheng offers various arrays for end application. We can provide CsI(Tl), CsI(Na), CdWO4, LYSO,LSO, YSO, GAGG, BGO scintillation arrays. Based on the application TiO2/BaSO4/ESR/E60 are wildly used as reflective material for pixel isolation. Our mechanical processing keeps the minimal tolerance to optimize array’s physical properties including tolerance, dimension, minimal-cross talk and uniformity etc.
|
Properties |
CsI(Tl) |
GAGG |
CdWO4 |
LYSO |
LSO |
BGO |
GOS(Pr/Tb) Ceramic |
|
Density（g/cm3） |
4.51 |
6.6 |
7.9 |
7.15 |
7.3~7.4 |
7.13 |
7.34 |
|
Hygroscopic |
Slightly |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
|
Relative light output(% of NaI(Tl)) (for γ-rays) |
45 |
158(HL)/ 132(BL)/79(FD) |
32 |
65-75 |
75 |
15-20 |
71/ 118 |
|
Decay time(ns) |
1000 |
150(HL)/ 90(BL)/748(FD) |
14000 |
38-42 |
40 |
300 |
3000/ 600000 |
|
Afterglow@30ms |
0.6-0.8% |
0.1-0.2% |
0.1-0.2% |
N/A |
N/A |
0.1-0.2% |
0.1-0.2% |
|
Array type |
Liner and 2D |
Liner and 2D |
Liner and 2D |
2D |
2D |
2D |
Liner and 2D |
4.Mechanical design for assembling
Based on the end use of assembled array, there are many kinds of mechanic design from Kinheng to meet the medical and security inspection industry.
1D Liner array are mainly used for Security inspection industy, such as Bagger scanner, Aviation scanner, 3D scanner and NDT. Material Including CsI(Tl), GOS:Tb/Pr Film, GAGG:Ce, CdWO4 scintillator etc. They are typically coupled with Silicon Photodiode line array for read out.
2D array are normally used for imaging, including Medical(SPECT, PET, PET-CT, ToF-PET), SEM, Gamma camera. These 2D array are typically coupled with SIPM array, PMT array for read out. Kinheng provide 2D array including LYSO, CsI(Tl), LSO, GAGG, YSO, CsI(Na), BGO scintillator etc.
Below is kinheng’s typically design drawing for 1D And 2D array for industry.
(Kinheng liner array)
(Kinheng 2D array)
4-A: Important parameter: (A,B,C,D in above design)
A.1 Material type: As per request from customer
A.2 Pixel size: Liner array pixel size A,B,C & 2D array pixel size A, C are adjustable per request,
A.3 Pitch: Liner array A+B & 2D array B, D are adjustable per request.
A.4 GAP: We provided the smallest gap 0.1mm (including adhesive) for liner array and 0.08mm (including adhesive) for 2D array.
A.5 Array thickness: As per request. Kinheng provide customization
A.6 Treatment of pixel: Polishing, Fine ground or special request available
4-B: Typical Pixel size& numbers
|
Material |
Typical pixel size |
Typical numbers |
||
|
Liner |
2D |
Liner |
2D |
|
|
CsI(Tl) |
1.275x2.7 |
1x1mm |
1x16 |
19x19 |
|
GAGG |
1.275x2.7 |
0.5x0.5mm |
1X16 |
8x8 |
|
CdWO4 |
1.275x2.7 |
3x3mm |
1x16 |
8x8 |
|
LYSO/LSO/YSO |
N/A |
1X1mm |
N/A |
25x25 |
|
BGO |
N/A |
1x1mm |
N/A |
13X13 |
|
GOS(Tb/Pr) ceramic |
1.275X2.7 |
1X1mm |
1X16 |
19X19 |
4-C: Minimal size of Pixel
|
Material |
Minimal pixel size |
|
|
Liner |
2D |
|
|
CsI(Tl) |
0.4mm pitch |
0.5mm pitch |
|
GAGG |
0.4mm pitch |
0.2mm |
|
CdWO4 |
0.4mm pitch |
1mm |
|
LYSO/LSO/YSO |
N/A |
0.2mm |
|
BGO |
N/A |
0.2mm |
|
GOS(Tb/Pr) ceramic |
0.4mm pitch |
1mm pitch |
|
Reflector |
Thickness of Reflector+Adhesive |
|
|
Liner |
2D |
|
|
TiO2 |
0.1-1mm |
0.1—1mm |
|
BaSO4 |
0.1mm |
0.1-0.5mm |
|
ESR |
N/A |
0.08mm |
|
E60 |
N/A |
0.075mm |
|
Properties |
CsI(Tl) |
GAGG |
CdWO4 |
LYSO |
LSO |
BGO |
GOS(Tb/Pr) Ceramic |
|
PET, ToF-PET |
|
Yes |
|
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
|
SPECT |
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
CT |
|
|
|
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
NDT |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
|
|
|
Bagger scanner |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
|
|
|
Container Checking |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
|
|
|
Gamma camera |
Yes |
Yes |
|
|
|
|
|
7-1.Energy resolution testing
7-2 Floods map
7-3.Relative light output testing for liner array
Kinheng has capacity for relative light output comparison testing for LYSO/GAGG with NaI(Tl)by PMT read out.
7-4. uniformity Guarantee
Kinheng will select each single pixel per request, we are able to keep the light output uniformity within 10%, 15%, 20% per different requirement. Each slab was carefully selected and tested.
7-5.Ineternal defects testing
7-6.Physical dimension testing.
8. Pixelated array from Kinheng
1. CsI(Tl) Liner and 2D array
