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CdWO4 Scintillator Array

Advantage：

1.High density

2.High detection efficiency

3.Lowest afterglow

4.Non Hygroscopic

5.Anti-Irradiation loss

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Description Related Products

CWO (CdWO₄) is an excellent scintillation detector materials, it has good scintillation property including X-ray absorption coefficient, high density, high luminous efficiency, short afterglow and irradiation damage resistance. It has very important application value in these nuclear medical X-ray CT, container inspection industry.

Properties:

Density（g/cm³）	7.90
Radiation Length(cm)	1.06
Decay Time(ns)	20000/5000
Emission Peak(nm)	470/540
Light Yield (photons/keV)	12
Melting Point(°C)	1272
Hardness (Mho)	4-4.5
Refractive Index	2.3
Hygroscopicity	None
Cleavage Plane	(101)

1. Type: linear array (1D) or 2D array

Our Advantage:
Minimal pixel dimension available
Reduced optical crosstalk
Good uniformity between pixel to pixel/ array to array
TiO2/BaSO4/ESR/E60
Pixel Gap: 0.08, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3mm
Performance testing available

2. Kinheng offers various arrays for end application
We can provide CsI(Tl), CsI(Na), CdWO4, LYSO,LSO, YSO, GAGG, BGO,LaBr3 scintillation arrays. Based on the application TiO2/BaSO4/ESR/E60 are wildly used as reflective material for pixel isolation. Our mechanical processing keeps the minimal tolerance to optimize array’s physical properties including tolerance, dimension, minimal-cross talk and uniformity etc.

3. Materials’ properties

Properties	CsI(Tl)	GAGG	CdWO4	LYSO	LSO	BGO	GOS(Pr/Tb) Ceramic	LaBr3
Density(g/cm³)	4.51	6.6	7.9	7.15	7.3~7.4	7.13	7.34	4.9
Hygroscopic	Slightly	No	No	No	No	No	No	Yes
Relative light output(% of NaI(Tl)) (for γ-rays)	45	158(HL)/ 132(BL)/79(FD)	32	65-75	75	15-20	71/ 118	130-170
Decay time(ns)	1000	150(HL)/ 90(BL)/48(FD)	14000	38-42	40	300	3000/ 600000	20
Afterglow@30ms	0.6-0.8%	0.1-0.2%	0.1-0.2%	N/A	N/A	0.1-0.2%	0.1-0.2%	N/A
Array type	Linear and 2D	Linear and 2D	Linear and 2D	2D	2D	2D	Linear and 2D	2D

4. Mechanical design for assembling

Based on the end use of assembled array, there are many kinds of mechanic design from Kinheng to meet the medical and security inspection industry.

1D Linear array are mainly used for Security inspection industy, such as Bagger scanner, Aviation scanner, 3D scanner and NDT. Material Including CsI(Tl), GOS:Tb/Pr Film, GAGG:Ce, CdWO4 scintillator etc. They are typically coupled with Silicon Photodiode linear array for read out.

2D array are normally used for imaging, including Medical(SPECT, PET, PET-CT, ToF-PET), SEM, Gamma camera. These 2D array are typically coupled with SIPM array, PMT array for read out. Kinheng provides 2D array including LYSO, CsI(Tl), LSO, GAGG, YSO, CsI(Na), BGO scintillator etc.

Below is Kinheng’s typically design drawing for 1D And 2D array for industry.

(Kinheng linear array)

(Kinheng 2D array)

4-A: Important parameter: (A,B,C,D in above design)

A.1 Material type: As per request from customer

A.2 Pixel size: Linear array pixel size A,B,C & 2D array pixel size A, C are adjustable per request

A.3 Pitch: Linear array A+B & 2D array B, D are adjustable per request

A.4 GAP: We provided the smallest gap 0.1mm (including adhesive) for linear array and 0.08mm (including adhesive) for 2D array

A.5 Array thickness: As per request. Kinheng provides customization

A.6 Treatment of pixel: Polishing, finely ground or special request available

4-B: Typical Pixel size& numbers

Material	Typical pixel size		Typical numbers
Material	Linear	2D	Linear	2D
CsI(Tl)	1.275x2.7	1x1mm	1x16	19x19
GAGG	1.275x2.7	0.5x0.5mm	1X16	8x8
CdWO4	1.275x2.7	3x3mm	1x16	8x8
LYSO/LSO/YSO	N/A	1X1mm	N/A	25x25
BGO	N/A	1x1mm	N/A	13X13
GOS(Tb/Pr) ceramic	1.275X2.7	1X1mm	1X16	19X19

4-C: Minimal size of Pixel

Material	Minimal pixel size
Material	Linear	2D
CsI(Tl)	0.4mm pitch	0.5mm pitch
GAGG	0.4mm pitch	0.2mm pitch
CdWO4	0.4mm pitch	1mm pitch
LYSO/LSO/YSO	N/A	0.2mm pitch
BGO	N/A	0.2mm pitch
GOS(Tb/Pr) ceramic	0.4mm pitch	1mm pitch

5. Scintillation Array Reflector and Adhesive parameter

Reflector	Thickness of Reflector+Adhesive
Reflector	Linear	2D
TiO2	0.1-1mm	0.1—1mm
BaSO₄	0.1mm	0.1-0.5mm
ESR	N/A	0.08mm
E60	N/A	0.075mm

6. Scintillation array Application

Properties	CsI(Tl)	GAGG	CdWO4	LYSO	LSO	BGO	GOS(Tb/Pr) Ceramic
PET, ToF-PET		Yes		Yes	Yes
SPECT	Yes	Yes
CT				Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
NDT	Yes	Yes	Yes
Bagger scanner	Yes	Yes	Yes
Container Checking	Yes	Yes	Yes
Gamma camera	Yes	Yes

7. Quality control for Array

7-1.Energy resolution testing(Na22)

7-2 .Floods map

7-3.Relative light output testing for linear array
Kinheng has capacity for relative light output comparison testing for LYSO/GAGG with NaI(Tl)by PMT read out.

7-4. Uniformity Guarantee

Kinheng will select each single pixel per request, we are able to keep the light output uniformity within ±5%,±10%, ±15% per different requirement. Each slab was carefully selected and tested.

7-5.Internal defects testing

7-6.Physical dimension testing

CsI(Tl) Scintillator Array

GAGG Scintillator Array

LYSO Scintillator Array

BGO Scintillator Array

GOS Scintillator Array, GOS Ceramic array, GOS film array

LSO Scintillator Array

YSO:Ce Scintillator Array

LaBr3 Scintillator Array