Advantage：
1.High density
2.High detection efficiency
3.Lowest afterglow
4.Non Hygroscopic
5.Anti-Irradiation loss
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CdWO4 Array
- CWO (CdWO4) is an excellent scintillation detector materials, it has good scintillation property including X-ray absorption coefficient, high density, high luminous efficiency, short afterglow and irradiation damage resistance. It has very important application value in these nuclear medical X-ray CT, container inspection industry.
Properties:
Density（g/cm3）
7.90
Radiation Length(cm)
1.06
Decay Time(ns)
20000/5000
Emission Peak(nm)
470/540
Light Yield (photons/keV)
12
Melting Point(°C)
1272
Hardness (Mho)
4-4.5
Refractive Index
2.3
Hygroscopicity
None
Cleavage Plane
(101)
1. Type: liner array (1D) or 2D array
Our Advantage:
Minimal pixel dimension available
Reduced optical crosstalk
Good uniformity between pixel to pixel/ Array to array
TiO2/BaSO4/ESR/E60
Pixel Gap: 0.08, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3mm
Performance testing available
2. Kinheng offers various arrays for end application. We can provide CsI(Tl), CsI(Na), CdWO4, LYSO,LSO, YSO, GAGG, BGO scintillation arrays. Based on the application TiO2/BaSO4/ESR/E60 are wildly used as reflective material for pixel isolation. Our mechanical processing keeps the minimal tolerance to optimize array’s physical properties including tolerance, dimension, minimal-cross talk and uniformity etc.
3. Materials’ properties
Properties
CsI(Tl)
GAGG
CdWO4
LYSO
LSO
BGO
GOS(Pr/Tb) Ceramic
Density（g/cm3）
4.51
6.6
7.9
7.15
7.3~7.4
7.13
7.34
Hygroscopic
Slightly
No
No
No
No
No
No
Relative light output(% of NaI(Tl)) (for γ-rays)
45
158(HL)/ 132(BL)/79(FD)
32
65-75
75
15-20
71/ 118
Decay time(ns)
1000
150(HL)/ 90(BL)/748(FD)
14000
38-42
40
300
3000/ 600000
Afterglow@30ms
0.6-0.8%
0.1-0.2%
0.1-0.2%
N/A
N/A
0.1-0.2%
0.1-0.2%
Array type
Liner and 2D
Liner and 2D
Liner and 2D
2D
2D
2D
Liner and 2D
4. Mechanical design for assembling
Based on the end use of assembled array, there are many kinds of mechanic design from Kinheng to meet the medical and security inspection industry.
1D Liner array are mainly used for Security inspection industy, such as Bagger scanner, Aviation scanner, 3D scanner and NDT. Material Including CsI(Tl), GOS:Tb/Pr Film, GAGG:Ce, CdWO4 scintillator etc. They are typically coupled with Silicon Photodiode line array for read out.
2D array are normally used for imaging, including Medical(SPECT, PET, PET-CT, ToF-PET), SEM, Gamma camera. These 2D array are typically coupled with SIPM array, PMT array for read out. Kinheng provide 2D array including LYSO, CsI(Tl), LSO, GAGG, YSO, CsI(Na), BGO scintillator etc.
Below is kinheng’s typically design drawing for 1D And 2D array for industry.
(Kinheng liner array)
(Kinheng 2D array)
4-A: Important parameter: (A,B,C,D in above design)
A.1 Material type: As per request from customer
A.2 Pixel size: Liner array pixel size A,B,C & 2D array pixel size A, C are adjustable per request,
A.3 Pitch: Liner array A+B & 2D array B, D are adjustable per request.
A.4 GAP: We provided the smallest gap 0.1mm (including adhesive) for liner array and 0.08mm (including adhesive) for 2D array.
A.5 Array thickness: As per request. Kinheng provide customization
A.6 Treatment of pixel: Polishing, Fine ground or special request available
4-B: Typical Pixel size& numbers
Material
Typical pixel size
Typical numbers
Liner
2D
Liner
2D
CsI(Tl)
1.275x2.7
1x1mm
1x16
19x19
GAGG
1.275x2.7
0.5x0.5mm
1X16
8x8
CdWO4
1.275x2.7
3x3mm
1x16
8x8
LYSO/LSO/YSO
N/A
1X1mm
N/A
25x25
BGO
N/A
1x1mm
N/A
13X13
GOS(Tb/Pr) ceramic
1.275X2.7
1X1mm
1X16
19X19
4-C: Minimal size of Pixel
Material
Minimal pixel size
Liner
2D
CsI(Tl)
0.4mm pitch
0.5mm pitch
GAGG
0.4mm pitch
0.2mm
CdWO4
0.4mm pitch
1mm
LYSO/LSO/YSO
N/A
0.2mm
BGO
N/A
0.2mm
GOS(Tb/Pr) ceramic
0.4mm pitch
1mm pitch
5. Scintillation Array Reflector and Adhesive parameter
Reflector
Thickness of Reflector+Adhesive
Liner
2D
TiO2
0.1-1mm
0.1—1mm
BaSO4
0.1mm
0.1-0.5mm
ESR
N/A
0.08mm
E60
N/A
0.075mm
6. Scintillation array Application
Properties
CsI(Tl)
GAGG
CdWO4
LYSO
LSO
BGO
GOS(Tb/Pr) Ceramic
PET, ToF-PET
Yes
Yes
Yes
SPECT
Yes
Yes
CT
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
NDT
Yes
Yes
Yes
Bagger scanner
Yes
Yes
Yes
Container Checking
Yes
Yes
Yes
Gamma camera
Yes
Yes
7. Quality control for Array
7-1.Energy resolution testing
7-2 Floods map
7-3.Relative light output testing for liner array
Kinheng has capacity for relative light output comparison testing for LYSO/GAGG with NaI(Tl)by PMT read out.
7-4. uniformity Guarantee
Kinheng will select each single pixel per request, we are able to keep the light output uniformity within 10%, 15%, 20% per different requirement. Each slab was carefully selected and tested.
7-5.Ineternal defects testing
7-6.Physical dimension testing
8. Pixelated array from Kinheng
8.1 CdWO4 Liner and 2D array
-
CsI(Tl) Array
GAGG Array
LYSO Array
BGO Array
GOS Array, GOS Ceramic array, GOS film array
LSO Array
YSO:Ce Array
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Add: Room 302, Building 19, international R&D base, lane 2999,
