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LYSO Scintillator Array

Advantage：

1.Fast timing resolution for ToF PET

2.Fast decay time

3.Non-hygroscopic

4.High Z

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Description Related Products

LYSO:Ce is a new inorganic scintillation crystal with excellent performance. Its advantages of high light output, fast decay time, good radiation hardness, high density, high effective atomic numbers, high detection efficiency of Gamma rays, non-hygroscopicity and stable physical & chemical properties. It’s considered as an inorganic scintillation crystal material of best overall performance. It has been used in nuclear physics, nuclear medical imaging (Especially in CT, PET, SPECT), high-energy physics and geophysical exploration.

Properties:

Crystal System

Monoclinic

Density（g/cm³）

7.15

Hardness (Mho)

5.8

Refractive Index

1.82

Light Output (Comparing NaI(Tl)）

65~75%

Decay Time (ns)

≤47

Peak Wavelength (nm)

410

Anti-radiation (rad)

1×10⁸

1. Type: linear array (1D) or 2D array

Our Advantage:
Minimal pixel dimension available
Reduced optical crosstalk
Good uniformity between pixel to pixel/ array to array
TiO2/BaSO4/ESR/E60
Pixel Gap: 0.08, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3mm
Performance testing available

2. Kinheng offers various arrays for end application
We can provide CsI(Tl), CsI(Na), CdWO4, LYSO,LSO, YSO, GAGG, BGO,LaBr3 scintillation arrays. Based on the application TiO2/BaSO4/ESR/E60 are wildly used as reflective material for pixel isolation. Our mechanical processing keeps the minimal tolerance to optimize array’s physical properties including tolerance, dimension, minimal-cross talk and uniformity etc..

3. Materials’ properties

Properties

CsI(Tl)

GAGG

CdWO4

LYSO

LSO

BGO

GOS(Pr/Tb) Ceramic

LaBr3

Density(g/cm³)

4.51

6.6

7.9

7.15

7.3~7.4

7.13

7.34

4.9

Hygroscopic

Slightly

No

No

No

No

No

No

Yes

Relative light output(% of NaI(Tl)) (for γ-rays)

45

158(HL)/ 132(BL)/79(FD)

32

65-75

75

15-20

71/ 118

130-170

Decay time(ns)

1000

150(HL)/ 90(BL)/48(FD)

14000

38-42

40

300

3000/ 600000

20

Afterglow@30ms

0.6-0.8%

0.1-0.2%

0.1-0.2%

N/A

N/A

0.1-0.2%

0.1-0.2%

N/A

Array type

Linear and 2D

Linear and 2D

Linear and 2D

2D

2D

2D

Linear and 2D

2D

4. Mechanical design for assembling

Based on the end use of assembled array, there are many kinds of mechanic design from Kinheng to meet the medical and security inspection industry.

1D Linear array are mainly used for Security inspection industy, such as Bagger scanner, Aviation scanner, 3D scanner and NDT. Material Including CsI(Tl), GOS:Tb/Pr Film, GAGG:Ce, CdWO4 scintillator etc. They are typically coupled with Silicon Photodiode linear array for read out.

2D array are normally used for imaging, including Medical(SPECT, PET, PET-CT, ToF-PET), SEM, Gamma camera. These 2D array are typically coupled with SIPM array, PMT array for read out. Kinheng provides 2D array including LYSO, CsI(Tl), LSO, GAGG, YSO, CsI(Na), BGO scintillator etc.

Below is Kinheng’s typically design drawing for 1D And 2D array for industry.

               (Kinheng linear array)

                (Kinheng 2D array)

4-A: Important parameter: (A,B,C,D in above design)

A.1 Material type: As per request from customer

A.2 Pixel size: Linear array pixel size A,B,C & 2D array pixel size A, C are adjustable per request

A.3 Pitch: Linear array A+B & 2D array B, D are adjustable per request

A.4 GAP: We provided the smallest gap 0.1mm (including adhesive) for linear array and 0.08mm (including adhesive) for 2D array

A.5 Array thickness: As per request. Kinheng provides customization

A.6 Treatment of pixel: Polishing, finely ground or special request available

4-B: Typical Pixel size& numbers

Material

Typical pixel size

Typical numbers

Linear

2D

Linear

2D

CsI(Tl)

1.275x2.7

1x1mm

1x16

19x19

GAGG

1.275x2.7

0.5x0.5mm

1X16

8x8

CdWO4

1.275x2.7

3x3mm

1x16

8x8

LYSO/LSO/YSO

N/A

1X1mm

N/A

25x25

BGO

N/A

1x1mm

N/A

13X13

GOS(Tb/Pr) Ceramic

1.275X2.7

1X1mm

1X16

19X19

4-C: Minimal size of Pixel

Material

Minimal pixel size

Linear

2D

CsI(Tl)

0.4mm pitch

0.5mm pitch

GAGG

0.4mm pitch

0.2mm pitch

CdWO4

0.4mm pitch

1mm pitch

LYSO/LSO/YSO

N/A

0.2mm pitch

BGO

N/A

0.2mm pitch

GOS(Tb/Pr) Ceramic

0.4mm pitch

1mm pitch

5. Scintillation Array Reflector and Adhesive parameter

Reflector

Thickness of Reflector+Adhesive

Linear

2D

TiO2

0.1-1mm

0.1—1mm

BaSO₄

0.1mm

0.1-0.5mm

ESR

N/A

0.08mm

E60

N/A

0.075mm

6. Scintillation array Application

Properties

CsI(Tl)

GAGG

CdWO4

LYSO

LSO

BGO

GOS(Tb/Pr) Ceramic

PET, ToF-PET

Yes

Yes

Yes

SPECT

Yes

Yes

CT

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

NDT

Yes

Yes

Yes

Bagger Scanner

Yes

Yes

Yes

Container Checking

Yes

Yes

Yes

Gamma Camera

Yes

Yes

7. Quality control for Array

7-1.Energy resolution testing(Na 22)

7-2 .Floods map

7-3.Relative light output testing for linear array
Kinheng has capacity for relative light output comparison testing for LYSO/GAGG with NaI(Tl)by PMT read out.

7-4. Uniformity Guarantee

Kinheng will select each single pixel per request, we are able to keep the light output uniformity within ±5%,±10%, ±15% per different requirement. Each slab was carefully selected and tested.

7-5.Internal defects testing

7-6.Physical dimension testing

CsI(Tl) Scintillator Array

GAGG Scintillator Array

CdWO4 Scintillator Array

BGO Scintillator Array

GOS Scintillator Array, GOS Ceramic array, GOS film array

LSO Scintillator Array

YSO:Ce Scintillator Array

LaBr3 Scintillator Array

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7-4. Uniformity Guarantee

Kinheng will select each single pixel per request, we are able to keep the light output uniformity within ±5%,±10%, ±15% per different requirement. Each slab was carefully selected and tested.

7-5.Internal defects testing

7-6.Physical dimension testing

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Crystal System	Monoclinic
Density（g/cm³）	7.15
Hardness (Mho)	5.8
Refractive Index	1.82
Light Output (Comparing NaI(Tl)）	65~75%
Decay Time (ns)	≤47
Peak Wavelength (nm)	410
Anti-radiation (rad)	1×10⁸

Properties	CsI(Tl)	GAGG	CdWO4	LYSO	LSO	BGO	GOS(Pr/Tb) Ceramic	LaBr3
Density(g/cm³)	4.51	6.6	7.9	7.15	7.3~7.4	7.13	7.34	4.9
Hygroscopic	Slightly	No	No	No	No	No	No	Yes
Relative light output(% of NaI(Tl)) (for γ-rays)	45	158(HL)/ 132(BL)/79(FD)	32	65-75	75	15-20	71/ 118	130-170
Decay time(ns)	1000	150(HL)/ 90(BL)/48(FD)	14000	38-42	40	300	3000/ 600000	20
Afterglow@30ms	0.6-0.8%	0.1-0.2%	0.1-0.2%	N/A	N/A	0.1-0.2%	0.1-0.2%	N/A
Array type	Linear and 2D	Linear and 2D	Linear and 2D	2D	2D	2D	Linear and 2D	2D

Material	Typical pixel size		Typical numbers
Material	Linear	2D	Linear	2D
CsI(Tl)	1.275x2.7	1x1mm	1x16	19x19
GAGG	1.275x2.7	0.5x0.5mm	1X16	8x8
CdWO4	1.275x2.7	3x3mm	1x16	8x8
LYSO/LSO/YSO	N/A	1X1mm	N/A	25x25
BGO	N/A	1x1mm	N/A	13X13
GOS(Tb/Pr) Ceramic	1.275X2.7	1X1mm	1X16	19X19

Material	Minimal pixel size
Material	Linear	2D
CsI(Tl)	0.4mm pitch	0.5mm pitch
GAGG	0.4mm pitch	0.2mm pitch
CdWO4	0.4mm pitch	1mm pitch
LYSO/LSO/YSO	N/A	0.2mm pitch
BGO	N/A	0.2mm pitch
GOS(Tb/Pr) Ceramic	0.4mm pitch	1mm pitch

Reflector	Thickness of Reflector+Adhesive
Reflector	Linear	2D
TiO2	0.1-1mm	0.1—1mm
BaSO₄	0.1mm	0.1-0.5mm
ESR	N/A	0.08mm
E60	N/A	0.075mm